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Constituent assembly of Jammu and Kashmir
Constituent assembly of Jammu and Kashmir was a body of representatives elected in 1951 to write the constitution of Jammu and Kashmir.〔(The Fact of the State's Constitution ), Rediff.com, 1999-06-04〕
==Background==
In 1947, British rule in India ended with the creation of two new nations, the Union of India and the Dominion of Pakistan and the abandonment of British suzerainty over the 562 Indian princely states. According to the Indian Independence Act 1947, "the suzerainty of His Majesty over the Indian States lapses, and with it, all treaties and agreements in force at the date of the passing of this Act between His Majesty and the rulers of Indian States",〔(Revised Statute from The UK Statute Law Database: Indian Independence Act 1947 (c.30) ) at opsi.gov.uk〕 so the states were left to choose whether to join India or Pakistan or to remain independent. Jammu and Kashmir had a predominantly Muslim population but a Hindu ruler, and was the largest of the princely states. Its ruler was the Dogra King Hari Singh.
In October 1947, Pakistani tribals invaded Kashmir intending to liberate it from Dogra rule.〔(Death in the Vale ), TIME, 1947-11-10〕 Unable to withstand the invasion, the Maharaja signed The Instrument of Accession that was accepted by the Government of India on 27 October 1947.〔In 1956 the Constituent Assembly finalised its constitution, which declared the whole of the former Princely State of Jammu and Kashmir to be 'an integral part of the Union of India'. Elections were held the next year for a Legislative Assembly. Detailed constitutional changes were made in later years, which further normalised the state’s relationship with India. (Kashmir:Research Paper 04/28 by Paul Bowers ), House of Commons Library, United Kingdom, 2004-03-30〕 India subsequently sent its forces into Kashmir leading to Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. In January 1948 India moved the U.N. which led to United Nations Security Council Resolution 47 of 21 April 1948. This resolution required among other things that Pakistan withdraw from the areas of Jammu and Kashmir which it had occupied in 1947 immediately and conditions be created for a free and impartial plebiscite to decide the future of the state.〔(A Brief History of Kashmir Conflict ), The Daily Telegraph, 2004-11-10〕〔(UN Security Council, Resolution 47 (1948) of 21 April 1948, 21 April 1948. S/RES/47 (1948) ), United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees〕
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